Higher education governance ballot measures

Voters have decided on higher education governance ballot measures across the U.S. As a state ballot measure topic, higher education governance includes measures regarding the administration, oversight, and policies of public colleges and universities, such as board structures. The topic is grouped within the education policy area.

This page provides information on:

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• Comprehensive list of ballot measures by year and state

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Education policy

Higher education

Higher education governance

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Labor union policy Collective bargaining Labor disputes and strikes Labor union deductions Right-to-work laws Healthcare policy Complementary and alternative healthcare Healthcare facility funding Healthcare governance Private health insurance Public health insurance Vaccinations and disease policy Work regulations Child labor regulations Gender-based labor regulations Minimum wage laws Paid sick leave laws Workers' compensation laws Working hours regulations Public assistance programs Public employee retirement funds Public works labor and contracting

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Upcoming ballot measures

See also: 2026 ballot measures and 2027 ballot measures

The following is a list of state ballot measures related to this topic that are certified or potential for this year and future elections:

2026

1. California State University Staff First-Time Homebuyer Down Payment Loan Program Initiative (2026) - Potential

List of state ballot measures

Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to this topic, organized by year or state.

Years

States

2026

1. California State University Staff First-Time Homebuyer Down Payment Loan Program Initiative (2026) - Potential

2024

1. Nevada Question 1, Remove Constitutional Status of Board of Regents Amendment (2024)

2020

1. Louisiana Amendment 1, Allow for Out-of-State Members to the University Board of Supervisors Amendment (December 2020)
2. Nevada Question 1, Remove Constitutional Status of Board of Regents Amendment (2020)
3. North Dakota Constitutional Measure 1, Board of Higher Education Membership Amendment (2020)

2018

1. Alabama Amendment 3, Board of Trustees Membership for University of Alabama Amendment (2018)
2. Florida Amendment 7, First Responder and Military Member Survivor Benefits, Supermajority Board Votes for College Fees, and State College System Amendment (2018)

2016

1. Alabama Auburn University Board of Trustees, Amendment 1 (2016)
2. Louisiana Authority of College Boards to Establish Tuition and Fees without Legislative Approval, Amendment 2 (2016)
3. South Dakota Governance of Technical Education Institutes, Constitutional Amendment R (2016)

2014

1. New Mexico Capital Expenditures for Higher, Tribal and Special Education, Bond Question C (2014)
2. North Dakota Commission of Higher Education Amendment, Measure 3 (2014)
3. Wyoming Nonresidential Trustees Amendment, Constitutional Amendment A (2014)

2012

1. Florida Amendment 12, Student Member of the Board of Governors of the State University System Amendment (2012)
2. South Dakota Referred Law 16, Teachers Scholarship, Bonus, and Tenure Policies Referendum (2012)
3. Washington SJR 8223, Authorization of Public University Investments Amendment (2012)

2006

1. Hawaii Board of Regents Candidates Act, Amendment 1 (2006)
2. Nevada Question 9, University Board of Regents Amendment (2006)

2004

1. Utah Amendment 2, Allow State and Higher Education Institutions to Exchange Intellectual Property for Private Stock Measure (2004)

2002

1. Florida Amendment 11, Administration of the State University System Initiative (2002)

2000

1. Alabama Auburn University Board of Trustees, Amendment 5 (2000)
2. Hawaii University of Hawaii Self-Governance, Amendment 1 (2000)
3. North Dakota State Board of Higher Education Membership, Measure 1 (2000)

1998

1. Louisiana Appointment to the Board of Regents Guidelines, Amendment 2 (1998)
2. Louisiana Community College System, Amendment 1 (October 1998)
3. Louisiana Name of Board of Trustees of University of Louisiana System, Amendment 1 (1998)
4. North Dakota Higher Education Institution References, Measure 1 (1998)
5. Oklahoma State Question 680, Use of Public Resources for Private Gain Amendment (1998)

1996

1. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Membership, Measure 1 (1996)

1994

1. Massachusetts Question 3, Eliminate Waivable Fees and Allow Only Optional Fees for Student Groups Referendum (1994)
2. North Dakota Board of Higher Education, Measure 2 (1994)

1992

1. Louisiana Board of Regents Amendment (October 1992)

1991

1. Louisiana Board of Regents Amendment (October 1991)
2. Missouri Proposition B, Tax Increase for K-12 Education, Higher Education, and Job Training Measure (1991)

1990

1. Louisiana Colleges to Acquire Stock, Amendment 8 (October 1990)
2. Nebraska Amendment 4, Establish Coordinating Commission for Postsecondary Education Measure (1990)
3. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Members, Measure 3 (1990)

1988

1. Alaska Measure 3, Community College System Initiative (1988)
2. California Proposition 94, Judges as Part-Time Teachers Amendment (1988)
3. North Dakota Board of Higher Education, Measure 2 (1988)

1987

1. Mississippi La Bauve Fund, Amendment 4 (1987)

1986

1. Kansas Public Education, Amendment 5 (1986)
2. New Mexico Ballot Proposal: Board of Regents Membership (1986)
3. Utah Proposition 3, Restructure the Education Article Amendment (1986)

1984

1. North Dakota Junior College Control Initiative, Measure 4 (1984)
2. North Dakota Minot State College Name Change Referendum, Measure 3 (1984)

1982

1. Alabama University of Alabama Trustees Amendment (March 1982)
2. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Nominating Committee Referendum, Measure 5 (1982)

1980

1. Louisiana Higher Education Board Student Members Amendment (1980)

1978

1. Hawaii University Board of Regents, Amendment 21 (1978)

1976

1. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Qualifications and Compensation Referendum, Amendment 1 (1976)
2. North Dakota Boards of Education Referendum, Amendment 5 (1976)

1974

1. California Proposition 4, Regents of the University of California Amendment (1974)
2. Nebraska Amendment 1, University Board of Regents Membership Amendment (1974)
3. Virginia Higher Education Grants and Contracts for Services from Higher Education Institutions Amendment (1974)

1972

1. North Dakota Ellendale Branch Repeal Referendum, Amendment 2 (1972)

1970

1. California Proposition 5, Meetings of the Board of Regents Amendment (1970)
2. Louisiana Board of Supervisors Amendment (1970)
3. Louisiana Creation of New Educational Institutions Amendment (1970)
4. Louisiana Rapides Parish School District Amendment (1970)
5. Nebraska Amendment 14, Board of Trustees of Higher Education Amendment (1970)

1968

1. Louisiana Higher Education Council Amendment (1968)
2. Nebraska Amendment 2, Normal Schools Amendment (1968)

1966

1. Georgia Amendment 13, Funds for Vocational Education Amendment (1966)

1964

1. Arkansas Community College and Technical School Districts, Proposed Amendment 57 (1964)
2. Florida Amendment 2, Terms of Office for Boards of College and Universities Amendment (1964)
3. Florida Amendment 6, Taylor County Superintendent of Public Instruction Amendment (1964)

1961

1. Alabama University Board of Trustees, Amendment 7 (1961)

1960

1. Georgia Amendment 10, Commissioner of Agriculture on Board of Regents Amendment (1960)
2. Georgia Amendment 15, Establishment of Vocational Schools Amendment (1960)
3. North Dakota Agricultural College Name Change Initiative, Amendment 3 (1960)

1959

1. Michigan Proposal No. 2, Name of the Governing Body of Michigan State University Amendment (April 1959)
2. Michigan Proposal No. 3, Board of Governors for Wayne State University Amendment (April 1959)

1958

1. Arizona Proposition 200, Rename Arizona State College to Arizona State University Initiative (1958)
2. Georgia Amendment 11, Establishment of Colleges Amendment (1958)
3. Georgia Amendment 2, Student Scholarships Amendment (1958)
4. North Dakota Change Name of Agricultural College, Initiative 4 (1958)

1956

1. Oklahoma State Question 371, Board of Regents for the College for Women Amendment (July 1956)
2. Oklahoma State Question 372, Board of Regents for the Military Academy at Claremore Amendment (July 1956)

1954

1. Utah Referendum 1, End State Operation of Dixie, Snow, and Weber State Colleges Measure (1954)
2. Utah Referendum 2, Discontinue Carbon College and Dispose of its Property Measure (1954)

1948

1. Oklahoma State Question 328, Board of Regents for Oklahoma Colleges Amendment (July 1948)

1942

1. Arkansas Junior College Districts, Proposed Amendment 32 (1942)
2. California Proposition 3, Board of Examiners in Basic Sciences Initiative (1942)

1938

1. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Initiative (1938)

1930

1. Oklahoma State Question 158, State Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges Board of Regents Amendment (1930)

1922

1. Colorado Measure 7, Location and Control of Higher Education Institutions Amendment (1922)

1920

1. Nebraska Amendment 22, Election of University Regents Amendment (September 1920)
2. Nebraska Amendment 25, Board of Education Amendment (September 1920)

1918

1. California Proposition 8, University of California Administration Amendment (1918)

1916

1. North Dakota Dickinson Normal School Referendum (1916)

1914

1. California Proposition 43, Educational Tax Exemption Amendment (1914)
2. Minnesota Investment of School Funds, Amendment 5 (1914)
3. Montana Consolidation of Higher Education Institutions, I-9 (1914)
4. Nebraska Initiative 1, University Removal Initiative (1914)

1910

1. Colorado Institutions of Higher Education, Referendum 5 (1910)
2. North Dakota Minot Normal School Referendum (1910)

1896

1. South Dakota Abolish Regents' Board of Trustees Amendment (1896)

1873

1. North Carolina Election of University Trustees Amendment (August 1873)

1862

1. Michigan Regents of the University Amendment (1862)

Alabama

1. Alabama Amendment 3, Board of Trustees Membership for University of Alabama Amendment (2018)
2. Alabama Auburn University Board of Trustees, Amendment 1 (2016)
3. Alabama Auburn University Board of Trustees, Amendment 5 (2000)
4. Alabama University Board of Trustees, Amendment 7 (1961)
5. Alabama University of Alabama Trustees Amendment (March 1982)

Alaska

1. Alaska Measure 3, Community College System Initiative (1988)

Arizona

1. Arizona Proposition 200, Rename Arizona State College to Arizona State University Initiative (1958)

Arkansas

1. Arkansas Community College and Technical School Districts, Proposed Amendment 57 (1964)
2. Arkansas Junior College Districts, Proposed Amendment 32 (1942)

California

1. California Proposition 3, Board of Examiners in Basic Sciences Initiative (1942)
2. California Proposition 4, Regents of the University of California Amendment (1974)
3. California Proposition 43, Educational Tax Exemption Amendment (1914)
4. California Proposition 5, Meetings of the Board of Regents Amendment (1970)
5. California Proposition 8, University of California Administration Amendment (1918)
6. California Proposition 94, Judges as Part-Time Teachers Amendment (1988)
7. California State University Staff First-Time Homebuyer Down Payment Loan Program Initiative (2026) - Potential

Colorado

1. Colorado Institutions of Higher Education, Referendum 5 (1910)
2. Colorado Measure 7, Location and Control of Higher Education Institutions Amendment (1922)

Florida

1. Florida Amendment 11, Administration of the State University System Initiative (2002)
2. Florida Amendment 12, Student Member of the Board of Governors of the State University System Amendment (2012)
3. Florida Amendment 2, Terms of Office for Boards of College and Universities Amendment (1964)
4. Florida Amendment 6, Taylor County Superintendent of Public Instruction Amendment (1964)
5. Florida Amendment 7, First Responder and Military Member Survivor Benefits, Supermajority Board Votes for College Fees, and State College System Amendment (2018)

Georgia

1. Georgia Amendment 10, Commissioner of Agriculture on Board of Regents Amendment (1960)
2. Georgia Amendment 11, Establishment of Colleges Amendment (1958)
3. Georgia Amendment 13, Funds for Vocational Education Amendment (1966)
4. Georgia Amendment 15, Establishment of Vocational Schools Amendment (1960)
5. Georgia Amendment 2, Student Scholarships Amendment (1958)

Hawaii

1. Hawaii Board of Regents Candidates Act, Amendment 1 (2006)
2. Hawaii University Board of Regents, Amendment 21 (1978)
3. Hawaii University of Hawaii Self-Governance, Amendment 1 (2000)

Kansas

1. Kansas Public Education, Amendment 5 (1986)

Louisiana

1. Louisiana Amendment 1, Allow for Out-of-State Members to the University Board of Supervisors Amendment (December 2020)
2. Louisiana Appointment to the Board of Regents Guidelines, Amendment 2 (1998)
3. Louisiana Authority of College Boards to Establish Tuition and Fees without Legislative Approval, Amendment 2 (2016)
4. Louisiana Board of Regents Amendment (October 1991)
5. Louisiana Board of Regents Amendment (October 1992)
6. Louisiana Board of Supervisors Amendment (1970)
7. Louisiana Colleges to Acquire Stock, Amendment 8 (October 1990)
8. Louisiana Community College System, Amendment 1 (October 1998)
9. Louisiana Creation of New Educational Institutions Amendment (1970)
10. Louisiana Higher Education Board Student Members Amendment (1980)
11. Louisiana Higher Education Council Amendment (1968)
12. Louisiana Name of Board of Trustees of University of Louisiana System, Amendment 1 (1998)
13. Louisiana Rapides Parish School District Amendment (1970)

Massachusetts

1. Massachusetts Question 3, Eliminate Waivable Fees and Allow Only Optional Fees for Student Groups Referendum (1994)

Michigan

1. Michigan Proposal No. 2, Name of the Governing Body of Michigan State University Amendment (April 1959)
2. Michigan Proposal No. 3, Board of Governors for Wayne State University Amendment (April 1959)
3. Michigan Regents of the University Amendment (1862)

Minnesota

1. Minnesota Investment of School Funds, Amendment 5 (1914)

Mississippi

1. Mississippi La Bauve Fund, Amendment 4 (1987)

Missouri

1. Missouri Proposition B, Tax Increase for K-12 Education, Higher Education, and Job Training Measure (1991)

Montana

1. Montana Consolidation of Higher Education Institutions, I-9 (1914)

Nebraska

1. Nebraska Amendment 1, University Board of Regents Membership Amendment (1974)
2. Nebraska Amendment 14, Board of Trustees of Higher Education Amendment (1970)
3. Nebraska Amendment 2, Normal Schools Amendment (1968)
4. Nebraska Amendment 22, Election of University Regents Amendment (September 1920)
5. Nebraska Amendment 25, Board of Education Amendment (September 1920)
6. Nebraska Amendment 4, Establish Coordinating Commission for Postsecondary Education Measure (1990)
7. Nebraska Initiative 1, University Removal Initiative (1914)

Nevada

1. Nevada Question 1, Remove Constitutional Status of Board of Regents Amendment (2020)
2. Nevada Question 1, Remove Constitutional Status of Board of Regents Amendment (2024)
3. Nevada Question 9, University Board of Regents Amendment (2006)

New Mexico

1. New Mexico Ballot Proposal: Board of Regents Membership (1986)
2. New Mexico Capital Expenditures for Higher, Tribal and Special Education, Bond Question C (2014)

North Carolina

1. North Carolina Election of University Trustees Amendment (August 1873)

North Dakota

1. North Dakota Agricultural College Name Change Initiative, Amendment 3 (1960)
2. North Dakota Board of Higher Education, Measure 2 (1988)
3. North Dakota Board of Higher Education, Measure 2 (1994)
4. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Initiative (1938)
5. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Members, Measure 3 (1990)
6. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Membership, Measure 1 (1996)
7. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Nominating Committee Referendum, Measure 5 (1982)
8. North Dakota Board of Higher Education Qualifications and Compensation Referendum, Amendment 1 (1976)
9. North Dakota Boards of Education Referendum, Amendment 5 (1976)
10. North Dakota Change Name of Agricultural College, Initiative 4 (1958)
11. North Dakota Commission of Higher Education Amendment, Measure 3 (2014)
12. North Dakota Constitutional Measure 1, Board of Higher Education Membership Amendment (2020)
13. North Dakota Dickinson Normal School Referendum (1916)
14. North Dakota Ellendale Branch Repeal Referendum, Amendment 2 (1972)
15. North Dakota Higher Education Institution References, Measure 1 (1998)
16. North Dakota Junior College Control Initiative, Measure 4 (1984)
17. North Dakota Minot Normal School Referendum (1910)
18. North Dakota Minot State College Name Change Referendum, Measure 3 (1984)
19. North Dakota State Board of Higher Education Membership, Measure 1 (2000)

Oklahoma

1. Oklahoma State Question 158, State Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges Board of Regents Amendment (1930)
2. Oklahoma State Question 328, Board of Regents for Oklahoma Colleges Amendment (July 1948)
3. Oklahoma State Question 371, Board of Regents for the College for Women Amendment (July 1956)
4. Oklahoma State Question 372, Board of Regents for the Military Academy at Claremore Amendment (July 1956)
5. Oklahoma State Question 680, Use of Public Resources for Private Gain Amendment (1998)

South Dakota

1. South Dakota Abolish Regents' Board of Trustees Amendment (1896)
2. South Dakota Governance of Technical Education Institutes, Constitutional Amendment R (2016)
3. South Dakota Referred Law 16, Teachers Scholarship, Bonus, and Tenure Policies Referendum (2012)

Utah

1. Utah Amendment 2, Allow State and Higher Education Institutions to Exchange Intellectual Property for Private Stock Measure (2004)
2. Utah Proposition 3, Restructure the Education Article Amendment (1986)
3. Utah Referendum 1, End State Operation of Dixie, Snow, and Weber State Colleges Measure (1954)
4. Utah Referendum 2, Discontinue Carbon College and Dispose of its Property Measure (1954)

Virginia

1. Virginia Higher Education Grants and Contracts for Services from Higher Education Institutions Amendment (1974)

Washington

1. Washington SJR 8223, Authorization of Public University Investments Amendment (2012)

Wyoming

1. Wyoming Nonresidential Trustees Amendment, Constitutional Amendment A (2014)

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